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Contracts, Transactions, and Business Ethics in the Qur’an: A Study of Classical and Contemporary Tafsir of Surah Al-Baqarah (2:282–283) and Surah An-Nisa (4:29)
Abstract
This study examines the interpretation of Qur’anic verses regarding contracts, transactions, and business ethics through a comparative analysis of classical and contemporary exegeses of Qur’anic Surah Al-Baqarah, verses 282–283, and Surah An-Nisa, verse 29. This study is motivated by the importance of understanding the principles of muamalah in the Qur’an, which remain relevant to the development of modern business practices. The study aims to analyze the asbāb al-nuzūl, compare the interpretations of classical and contemporary exegetes, identify the interpretive principles contained in both verses, and explain their relevance to modern business practices. The study employs a qualitative method using library research and a comparative exegetical approach. Primary data consists of Qur’anic verses and classical and contemporary exegetical works, while secondary data is obtained from relevant books and scholarly articles. The results of the study indicate that Quranic Surah Al-Baqarah, verses 282–283, emphasize the principles of legal certainty, transaction documentation, witness testimony, and accountability, while Quranic Surah An-Nisa, verse 29, underscores the importance of mutual consent, honesty, and the prohibition against acquiring wealth through unlawful means. These values remain relevant in modern business practices through the application of electronic contracts, digital transactions, good corporate governance, and consumer protection in accordance with Sharia principles.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.61590/jis.v2i2.310
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